Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	-	2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	-	14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million
Capital	-	Saint-Pierre
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	NA km	120 km
Constitution	-	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency	-	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate	-	6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II	self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	-	38.13 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	-	41 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	NA	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Ethnic groups	-	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	-	$12 million f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities	-	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	-	US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia	vegetation scanty
Highways	-	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	$55 million f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities	-	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	-	France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)
Independence	-	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	-	8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation	-	FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	-	3,000 (1997) (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	-	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	French (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 77.93 years male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Antarctic Region	North America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
National holiday	-	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	-	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	fish	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	-	-4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited	6,954 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.35% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	4,000 (1997)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	-	4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	-	2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	9.8% (1997) (1997)
Waterways	-	none

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